Created
: 2025.09.03
2025.09.03 13:53
The Indian Rupee (INR) opens slightly lower against the US Dollar (USD) on Wednesday. The USD/INR pair ticks up to near 88.23 ahead of the two-day Goods and Services Tax (GST) council meeting on Wednesday, aiming to revise tax slabs from four to two.
On the eve of independence on August 15, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced that the government will reveal new GST slabs to boost consumption around Deepawali, which will be celebrated on October 21.
According to a report from The Indian Express, the centre will abolish 12% and 28% slabs, and will shift these items into the remaining 5% and 18% tax brackets. Such a scenario will be inflationary for the Indian economy and may restrict the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) from reducing interest rates in the near term.
Meanwhile, India's Trade Minister Piyush Goyal has expressed confidence, in his speech at an industry chamber event on Tuesday, that New Delhi will close a tariff deal with the United States (US). "We are in dialogue with the US for a bilateral trade deal," Goyal said, The Economic Times reported. Goyal added that India is getting new trading arrangements with countries such as the European Union (EU), Chile, Peru, New Zealand, Australia, Oman and has already concluded deals with the EFTA bloc, UK, and UAE.
A slightly positive commentary from Indian Commerce Minister Goyal on trade deal with the US has come at a time when President Donald Trump has been criticizing New Delhi for doing "one-sided business" with Washington for a long time.
On Tuesday, US President Trump criticized India again while addressing reporters at the Oval Office. "We get along with India very well, but for many years, it was a one-sided relationship. India was charging us tremendous tariffs, the highest in the world," Trump said, Hindustan Times reported.
The USD/INR pair broadly turns sideways after posting a fresh all-time high of around 88.50 on Monday. The near-term trend of the pair remains bullish as it holds above the 20-day Exponential Moving Average (EMA), which trades near 87.69.
The 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) stabilizes above 60.00, suggesting that a fresh bullish momentum has come into effect.
Looking down, the 20-day will act as key support for the major. On the upside, the pair has entered uncharted territory. The round figure of 89.00 would be the key hurdle for the pair.
The Indian Rupee (INR) is one of the most sensitive currencies to external factors. The price of Crude Oil (the country is highly dependent on imported Oil), the value of the US Dollar - most trade is conducted in USD - and the level of foreign investment, are all influential. Direct intervention by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in FX markets to keep the exchange rate stable, as well as the level of interest rates set by the RBI, are further major influencing factors on the Rupee.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) actively intervenes in forex markets to maintain a stable exchange rate, to help facilitate trade. In addition, the RBI tries to maintain the inflation rate at its 4% target by adjusting interest rates. Higher interest rates usually strengthen the Rupee. This is due to the role of the 'carry trade' in which investors borrow in countries with lower interest rates so as to place their money in countries' offering relatively higher interest rates and profit from the difference.
Macroeconomic factors that influence the value of the Rupee include inflation, interest rates, the economic growth rate (GDP), the balance of trade, and inflows from foreign investment. A higher growth rate can lead to more overseas investment, pushing up demand for the Rupee. A less negative balance of trade will eventually lead to a stronger Rupee. Higher interest rates, especially real rates (interest rates less inflation) are also positive for the Rupee. A risk-on environment can lead to greater inflows of Foreign Direct and Indirect Investment (FDI and FII), which also benefit the Rupee.
Higher inflation, particularly, if it is comparatively higher than India's peers, is generally negative for the currency as it reflects devaluation through oversupply. Inflation also increases the cost of exports, leading to more Rupees being sold to purchase foreign imports, which is Rupee-negative. At the same time, higher inflation usually leads to the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) raising interest rates and this can be positive for the Rupee, due to increased demand from international investors. The opposite effect is true of lower inflation.
Created
: 2025.09.03
Last updated
: 2025.09.03
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